West Texas springs: leaking into an uncertain future

Authors: Chad Norris

Year: 2019

Abstract

The Trans-Pecos region of Texas, is a region of extremes where mountain ranges interrupt the Chihuahuan Desert, which is recognized as both the largest desert in North America and the most biologically diverse in the Western Hemisphere. With an average annual rainfall of only twelve inches, perennial water is derived primarily from freshwater springs sourced in local and regional aquifers. Freshwater springs, such as San Solomon, San Felipe, Caroline, Dolan, Giffin, and East Sandia springs, contribute substantially to the region’s water quantity and quality. In addition, these springs are ecologically important as they provide habitat for numerous rare and federally listed endemic species and are a vital water source that keeps regional and migratory fish and wildlife species common. The loss and decline of springs in the region has been well-documented and concern exists regarding the potential impacts associated with recent oil and gas discoveries and related activities in the region. The many challenges facing West Texas Springs and groundwater management will be discussed along with efforts to protect and conserve these vital resources.